Initrogen yolwelo: Irhasi yeNitrojeni ekwimo yolwelo. I-inert, ayinambala, ayinavumba, ayinamhlwa, ayinakutsha, ubushushu obugqithisileyo be-cryogenic. I-nitrogen yenza uninzi lwe-atmosfera (i-78.03% ngevolumu kunye ne-75.5% ngobunzima). I-nitrogen ayisebenzi kwaye ayikuxhasi ukutsha. I-Frostbite ebangelwa kukudibana okugqithisileyo kwe-endothermic ngexesha lokukhupha umphunga.
Initrogen elulwelo ngumthombo ofanelekileyo wokubanda. Ngenxa yeepropathi zayo ezizodwa, initrogen engamanzi iye ngokuthe ngcembe ihlawulwe ingqalelo ngakumbi nangakumbi kwaye yamkelwa ngabantu. Sele isetyenziswa kakhulu ekufuyweni kwezilwanyana, kwishishini lezonyango, kwishishini lokutya, nakwimimandla yophando lwe-cryogenic. Kwi-electronics, i-metallurgy, i-aerospace, ukuveliswa koomatshini kunye neminye imiba yesicelo iye yanda kwaye iphuhlisa.
I-Cryogenic superconducting
Iimpawu ezizodwa ze-Superconductor, ukwenzela ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo. I-Superconductor ifumaneka ngokusebenzisa i-nitrogen engamanzi endaweni ye-helium engamanzi njenge-superconducting refrigerant, evula ukusetyenziswa kweteknoloji ye-superconducting kuluhlu olubanzi kwaye ithathwa njengenye yezinto eziphambili zenzululwazi kwinkulungwane yama-20.
Izakhono ze-Superconducting magnetic levitation yi-superconducting ceramic YBCO, xa imathiriyeli ye-superconducting ipholile kubushushu be-nitrogen yolwelo (78K, ngokomlinganiselo ukuya kwi -196 ~ C), ukusuka kwiinguqu eziqhelekileyo ukuya kwi-superconducting state. Umhlaba wemagnethi oveliswe ngumsinga okhuselweyo utyhala ngokuchasene nemagnethi yomzila, kwaye ukuba amandla amakhulu kunobunzima bukaloliwe, imoto inokunqunyanyiswa. Ngexesha elifanayo, inxalenye yentsimi yamagnetic ibanjwe kwi-superconductor ngenxa ye-magnetic flux pinning effect ngexesha lenkqubo yokupholisa. Lo mhlaba ubambekayo wemagnethi utsaleleka kumhlaba wemagnethi wengoma, kwaye ngenxa yokurhoxa kunye nomtsalane, imoto ihlala ixhonywe ngokuqinileyo ngaphezulu kwendlela. Ngokuchaseneyo nefuthe eliqhelekileyo lokunyanyeka kwabantu besini esinye kunye nomtsalane wesini esahlukileyo phakathi kweemagnethi, intsebenziswano phakathi kwe-superconductor kunye nemagnethi yangaphandle zombini zityhala ngaphandle kwaye zitsale omnye komnye, ukuze zombini i-superconductor kunye nemagnethi yanaphakade ikwazi ukumelana nomxhuzulane wayo kwaye imise okanye zijinga phantsi omnye komnye.
Ukwenziwa novavanyo lwamacandelo e-elektroniki
Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lokusingqongileyo kukukhetha inani leemeko zokusingqongileyo, ukusebenzisa inani elifanelekileyo loxinzelelo lokusingqongileyo kumacandelo okanye kumatshini wonke, kwaye kubangele iziphene zenkqubo yamacandelo, oko kukuthi, iziphene kwinkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nofakelo, kwaye nika ukulungiswa okanye ukubuyisela. Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lweAmbient luluncedo ukwamkela umjikelo wobushushu kunye nokungcangcazela okungahleliwe. Uvavanyo lomjikelo wobushushu kukwamkela iqondo lokutshintsha kobushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo olukhulu lobushushu, ukuze amacandelo ezinto ezahlukeneyo, ngenxa yobubi obuhlangeneyo, i-asymmetry yezinto eziphathekayo, iziphene kwinkqubo ebangelwa yinkathazo efihlakeleyo kunye nokusilela okuguquguqukayo, yamkela izinga lotshintsho lobushushu 5℃/ min. Ubushushu bomda yi -40℃, +60℃. Inani lemijikelo yi-8.Indibaniselwano elolu hlobo yeparameters yokusingqongileyo yenza i-welding virtual, ii-clipping parts, amacandelo eziphene zawo abonakale ngakumbi. Kwiimvavanyo zomjikelezo weqondo lokushisa, sinokuqwalasela ukwamkelwa kweendlela ezimbini zebhokisi. Kule meko, ukuhlolwa kufuneka kubanjwe kwinqanaba.
Initrogen yolwelo yindlela ekhawulezayo neluncedo ngakumbi yokukhusela nokuvavanya amacandelo e-elektroniki kunye neebhodi zesekethe.
Izakhono zokugaya ibhola zeCryogenic
I-Cryogenic planetary ball mill lulwelo lwegesi yenitrogen eqhubekayo igalelo kwiplanethi yebhola yokusila ifakwe isigqubuthelo sokugcina ubushushu, umoya obandayo uya kuba sisantya esiphezulu sokujikeleza kobushushu obuveliswa yitanki yokusila ngexesha lokwenyani lokufunxa, ukuze ibhola isila. itanki equkethe izinto, ibhola yokugaya isoloko ikwimeko ethile ye-cryogenic. Kwimeko yokuxuba i-cryogenic, ukugaya kakuhle, ukuphuhliswa kwemveliso entsha kunye nokuveliswa kwebhetshi encinci yezinto eziphezulu. Imveliso incinci ngobukhulu, igcwele ngokupheleleyo, ihambelana nokuthotyelwa, iphantsi kwingxolo, isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kumayeza, ishishini lemichiza, ukukhuselwa kwendalo, ishishini elikhanyayo, izinto zokwakha, i-metallurgy, i-ceramics, iiminerali kunye nezinye iindawo.
Izakhono zokutshiza eziluhlaza
Ukusika i-Cryogenic kukusetyenziswa kwe-cryogenic fluid efana ne-nitrogen engamanzi, i-carbon dioxide emanzi kunye ne-airspray epholileyo kwisistim sokusika indawo yokusika, okukhokelela kwindawo yokusika yendawo ye-cryogenic okanye i-ultra-cryogenic state, usebenzisa i-cryogenic brittleness ye-workpiece. phantsi kweemeko ze-cryogenic, phucula i-workpiece cutting machinability, ubomi besixhobo kunye nomgangatho womsebenzi womphezulu. Ngokomahluko wendlela yokupholisa, ukusika kwe-cryogenic kunokwahlulwa kube kukusika umoya opholileyo kunye nokusikwa kokupholisa initrogen. Indlela yokusika umoya opholileyo weCryogenic kukutshiza -20℃ ~ -30 ℃ (okanye nangaphantsi) ukugeleza komoya kwe-cryogenic ukuya kwindawo yokusetyenzwa kwencam yesixhobo, kwaye ixutywe ne-trace plant lubricant (10 ~ 20m 1 ngeyure), ukuze udlale. indima yokupholisa, ukususwa kwetshiphu, ukuthambisa. Xa kuthelekiswa nokusikwa kwendabuko, ukusika okupholisa i-cryogenic kunokuphucula ukuthotyelwa kwenkqubo, ukuphucula umgangatho womphezulu womsebenzi, kwaye phantse akukho ngcoliseko kwendalo. Iziko lokucubungula laseJapan Yasuda Inkampani yeShishini yamkela ukucwangciswa kwe-adiabatic air duct efakwe phakathi kwe-motor shaft kunye ne-cutter shaft, kwaye ikhokelela ngokuthe ngqo kwi-blade usebenzisa umoya opholileyo we-cryogenic we -30 ℃. Eli lungiselelo liphucula kakhulu iimeko zokusika. kwaye kunenzuzo ekuphunyezweni kweteknoloji yokusika umoya obandayo. UKazuhiko Yokokawa wenze uphando malunga nokupholisa umoya opholileyo ekujikeni nasekusileni. Kuvavanyo lokugaya, isiseko samanzi sokusika amanzi, umoya obushushu oqhelekileyo (+10 ℃) kunye nomoya opholileyo (-30 ℃) zisetyenziselwe ukuthelekisa amandla. Iziphumo zabonisa ukuba ukuqina kwesixhobo kwaphuculwa kakhulu xa kusetyenziswa umoya opholileyo. Kuvavanyo lokujika, izinga lokunxiba isixhobo somoya opholileyo (-20 ℃) lisezantsi kakhulu kunomoya oqhelekileyo (+20℃).
Ukusika okupholisa initrogen yolwelo kunezicelo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo. Enye kukusebenzisa uxinzelelo lwebhotile ukutshiza initrogen engamanzi ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo yokusika njengolwelo lokusika. Enye kukupholisa ngokungangqalanga isixhobo okanye workpiece ngokusebenzisa umjikelo evaporation yenitrogen engamanzi phantsi kobushushu. Ngoku i-cryogenic cutting ibalulekile ekuqhutyweni kwe-titanium alloy, insimbi ephezulu ye-manganese, isinyithi esinzima kunye nezinye izinto ezinzima zokucwangcisa. I-KPRaijurkar yamkele isixhobo se-H13A se-carbide kwaye yasebenzisa isixhobo sokupholisa umjikelo wenitrogen engamanzi ukwenza imifuniselo yokusika i-cryogenic kwi-titanium alloy. Iziphumo zovavanyo zibonise ukuba xa kuthelekiswa neendlela zokusika zemveli, ukunxitywa kwezixhobo kwapheliswa ngokucacileyo, ubushushu bokusika buncitshiswe ngama-30%, kwaye umgangatho womatshini wokusebenza womphezulu uphuculwe kakhulu. UWan Guangmin wamkele indlela yokupholisa engangqalanga ukwenza imifuniselo yokusika i-cryogenic kwintsimbi ephezulu yemanganese, kwaye iziphumo ziphawuliwe. Xa ukwamkela indlela yokupholisa ngokungathanga ngqo ukusetyenzwa kwentsimbi ephezulu yemanganese kwi-cryogenic, amandla esixhobo ayapheliswa, ukunxiba kwesixhobo kuyancitshiswa, iimpawu zokuqiniswa komsebenzi ziyaphuculwa, kunye nomgangatho womphezulu wesixhobo sokusebenza nawo uphuculwe. Wang Lianpeng et al. yamkela indlela yokutshiza i-nitrogen engamanzi kumatshini wobushushu obuphantsi bentsimbi ecinyiweyo 45 kwizixhobo zomatshini we-CNC, kwaye yaphawula ngeziphumo zovavanyo. Ukuqina kwesixhobo kunye nomgangatho womphezulu womphezulu womsebenzi unokuphuculwa ngokwamkela indlela yokutshiza initrogen engamanzi kumatshini wobushushu obuphantsi bentsimbi ecinyiweyo 45.
Kwimeko yokupholisa initrogen yolwelo, izinto ze-carbide zokudibanisa amandla okugoba, ukuqina kokwaphuka kunye nokuxhathisa umhlwa, ukomelela, ukuqina konyuka ngamaqondo obushushu kuphantsi kwaye ke ngoko, isixhobo sokusika i-carbide kwisixhobo sokupholisa se-nitrogen enolwelo sinokunxibelelanisa umsebenzi ogqwesileyo wokusika, njengakwiqondo lokushisa, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kunqunywe yinani lesigaba sokubopha. Ngesantya esiphezulu sentsimbi, kunye ne-cryogenic, ubunzima buyanda kwaye amandla empembelelo aphantsi, kodwa ngokubanzi kunokudibanisa ukusebenza okungcono kokusika. Yena kwezinye izinto kuphuculo cryogenic ukusika machinability yayo ibambe isifundo, ukhetho ephantsi carbon steel AISll010, high carbon steel AISl070, ethwele intsimbi AISIE52100, titanium ingxubevange Ti-6A 1-4V, cast aluminium ingxubevange A390 izinto ezintlanu, ukuphunyezwa yophando kunye novavanyo: Ngenxa ye-brittleness egqwesileyo kwi-cryogenic, iziphumo ezifunwayo zomatshini zinokufunyanwa ngokusika i-cryogenic. Kwintsimbi yekhabhoni ephezulu kunye nentsimbi ethwele, ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa kwindawo yokusika kunye nesantya sokugqoka isixhobo sinokuthintelwa ngokupholisa initrogen engamanzi. Kwi-alloy ye-aluminium yokusika, ukusetyenziswa kokupholisa kwe-cryogenic kunokuphucula ubulukhuni besixhobo kunye nokuchasana kwesixhobo kwisigaba se-silicon, ukukwazi ukunxitywa kwe-abrasive, ekusetyenzweni kwe-titanium alloy, kwangaxeshanye isixhobo sokupholisa se-cryogenic kunye nesixhobo sokusebenza, esiluncedo sokusika ubushushu obuphantsi kunye nokuphelisa ubushushu obuphantsi. ubudlelwane beekhemikhali phakathi kwe-titanium kunye nezixhobo zesixhobo.
Ezinye izicelo zenitrogen engamanzi
I-satellite ye-Jiuquan yathumela isikhululo esikhethekileyo samafutha ukuvelisa i-nitrogen engamanzi, i-propellant ye-rocket fuel, etyhalelwa kwigumbi lokutsha ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu.
Ubushushu obuphezulu bentambo yamandla ye-superconducting. Isetyenziselwa ukukhenkceza umbhobho wolwelo kulondolozo olungxamisekileyo. Ifakwe kwi-cryogenic stabilization kunye nokucima i-cryogenic yezinto. Izakhono zesixhobo sokupholisa initrogen elulwelo (ukwandiswa kwe-thermal kunye neempawu zokufinyela ezibandayo kwisicelo soshishino) nazo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi. Ulwelo nitrogen ilifu izakhono. Ulwelo nitrogen drainage ubuchule of real-time liquid drop jet, luhlala uphando olunzulu. Yamkela initrogen ephantsi komhlaba yokucima umlilo, umlilo utshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza, kwaye uphelise umonakalo wokuqhushumba kwerhasi. Kutheni ukhetha initrogen elulwelo: Kuba iphola ngokukhawuleza kunezinye iindlela, kwaye ayisebenzi ngokwemichiza nezinye izinto, incipha kakhulu indawo kwaye inika umoya owomileyo, ihambelana nokusingqongileyo (initrogen eyilwelo ivuthulukiswa ngokuthe ngqo kwiatmosfera emva kokusetyenziswa, ngaphandle kokushiya nayiphi na into. ungcoliseko), kulula kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa.
HL Izixhobo zeCryogenic
HL Izixhobo zeCryogeniceyasekwa ngo-1992 luphawu olunxulumene nayoInkampani ye-HL Cryogenic Equipment I-Cryogenic Equipment Co., Ltd. I-HL Cryogenic Equipment izibophelele ekuyilweni nasekuveliseni iNkqubo yeMibhobho ye-Vacuum ye-High Vacuum Insulated Cryogenic kunye neZixhobo zeNkxaso ezinxulumeneyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zabathengi. I-Vacuum Insulated Pipe kunye ne-Flexible Hose yakhiwe kwindawo yokucoca ephezulu kunye ne-multi-layer multi-screen special insulated materials, kwaye idlula kuthotho lonyango olungqongqo kakhulu lobugcisa kunye nonyango oluphezulu lwevacuum, olusetyenziselwa ukuhanjiswa kweoksijini elulwelo, initrogen engamanzi. , i-argon yolwelo, i-hydrogen engamanzi, i-helium engamanzi, igesi ye-ethylene engamanzi ULEG kunye negesi yendalo enyibilikisiweyo ye-LNG.
Uluhlu lwemveliso yeSigaba soSahluli, umbhobho wokufunxa, umbhobho wokufunxa kunye neVavayum kwi-HL Cryogenic Equipment Company, ethe yadlula kuthotho lwezonyango ezingqongqo kakhulu, zisetyenziselwa ukuhanjiswa kweoksijini elulwelo, initrogen engamanzi, iargon yolwelo, i-hydrogen engamanzi, ulwelo. i-helium, i-LEG kunye ne-LNG, kwaye ezi mveliso zisetyenziselwa izixhobo ze-cryogenic (umzekelo, itanki yokugcina i-cryogenic, i-dewar kunye ne-coldbox njl.njl.) kumashishini okwahlula umoya, iigesi, i-aviation, i-electronics, i-superconductor, iitshiphusi, ikhemesti, i-biobank, ukutya kunye nesiselo, indibano ezizenzekelayo, ubunjineli beekhemikhali, intsimbi & nentsimbi, irabha, ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kunye nophando lwenzululwazi njl.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-24-2021
