I-nitrogen engamanzi: Igesi ye-nitrogen ikwimo engamanzi. Ayinambala, ayinavumba, ayiboli, ayitshi, ishushu kakhulu. I-nitrogen yenza uninzi lomoya (78.03% ngokomthamo kunye ne-75.5% ngokobunzima). I-nitrogen ayisebenzi kwaye ayixhasi ukutsha. I-frostbite ebangelwa kukudibana kakhulu kwe-endothermic ngexesha lokufuma.
I-nitrogen engamanzi ngumthombo obandayo ofanelekileyo. Ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezikhethekileyo, i-nitrogen engamanzi iye yanikwa ingqalelo ngakumbi nangakumbi kwaye yaqatshelwa ngabantu. Isetyenziswe kakhulu ngakumbi ekufuyeni izilwanyana, kushishino lwezonyango, kushishino lokutya, nakwiindawo zophando ezibonisa ukuxinana kwamanzi. Kwi-elektroniki, kwi-metallurgy, kwi-aerospace, ekuvelisweni koomatshini nakwezinye iinkalo zesicelo iye yanda kwaye yaphuhliswa.
I-Cryogenic superconducting
Iimpawu ezikhethekileyo zeSuperconductor, kangangokuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba isetyenziswe kakhulu kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo. ISuperconductor ifunyanwa ngokusebenzisa i-nitrogen engamanzi endaweni ye-helium engamanzi njenge-superconducting refrigerant, evula ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji ye-superconducting kuluhlu olubanzi kwaye ithathwa njengenye yezinto ezinkulu zesayensi kwinkulungwane yama-20.
Izakhono ze-superconducting magnetic levitation yi-YBCO ye-ceramic ye-superconducting, xa izinto ze-superconducting zipholisiwe ukuya kubushushu be-nitrogen engamanzi (78K, ngokulingana ne--196 ~ C), ukusuka kutshintsho oluqhelekileyo ukuya kwimeko ye-superconducting. I-magnetic field eveliswa ngumsinga okhuselweyo ityhala nxamnye ne-magnetic field yethrekhi, kwaye ukuba amandla makhulu kunobunzima besitimela, imoto inokuxhonywa. Kwangaxeshanye, inxalenye ye-magnetic field ibanjwe kwi-superconductor ngenxa yesiphumo se-magnetic flux pinning ngexesha lenkqubo yokupholisa. Le magnetic field yokubamba itsalwa yi-magnetic field yethrekhi, kwaye ngenxa yokugxothwa kunye nokutsala, imoto ihlala ixhonywe ngokuqinileyo ngaphezu kwethrekhi. Ngokungafaniyo nesiphumo esiqhelekileyo sokugxothwa kwabantu besini esinye kunye nokutsalana kwabantu besini esahlukileyo phakathi kweemagnethi, ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-superconductor kunye ne-magnetic field yangaphandle zombini ziyatyhala kwaye zitsalelane, ukuze zombini i-superconductor kunye ne-magnet engunaphakade zikwazi ukumelana nomxhuzulane wazo kwaye zixhome okanye zixhonywe phantsi komnye nomnye.
Ukuveliswa nokuvavanywa kwezinto ze-elektroniki
Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lokusingqongileyo kukukhetha inani leemodeli zezinto ezingqongileyo, ukusebenzisa ubungakanani obufanelekileyo boxinzelelo lokusingqongileyo kumacandelo okanye kumatshini wonke, kwaye kubangele iziphene zenkqubo yamacandelo, oko kukuthi, iziphene kwinkqubo yokuvelisa nokufakela, kwaye kunikwe ukulungiswa okanye ukutshintshwa. Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwendawo luluncedo ekwamkeleni umjikelo wobushushu kunye nokungcangcazela okungahleliwe. Uvavanyo lomjikelo wobushushu kukwamkela izinga lokutshintsha kobushushu eliphezulu, uxinzelelo olukhulu lobushushu, ukuze amacandelo ezinto ezahlukeneyo, ngenxa yobubi bejoyinti, ukungalingani kwezinto, iziphene kwinkqubo ezibangelwa yingxaki efihliweyo kunye nokusilela kwe-agile, zamkele izinga lokutshintsha kobushushu le-5℃/ min. Ubushushu obulinganiselweyo yi--40℃, +60℃. Inani lemijikelo yi-8. Olu hlobo lodibaniso lwemijikelo yokusingqongileyo lwenza ukuba i-welding ebonakalayo, iindawo zokunqunqa, amacandelo eziphene zazo zibonakale ngokucacileyo. Kwiimvavanyo zomjikelo wobushushu obunzima, singacinga ngokwamkelwa kwendlela yeebhokisi ezimbini. Kule meko, uvavanyo kufuneka lubanjwe kwinqanaba.
I-nitrogen engamanzi yindlela ekhawulezayo neluncedo ngakumbi yokukhusela nokuvavanya izixhobo ze-elektroniki kunye neebhodi zesekethe.
Izakhono zokugaya iibhola ezi-cryogenic
I-Cryogenic planetary ball mill yigesi ye-nitrogen engamanzi efakwa rhoqo kwi-planetary ball mill exhotyiswe ngesigqubuthelo sokugcina ubushushu, umoya obandayo uya kuba ngumjikelo ophezulu wobushushu obuveliswa yi-ball grinding tank real-time absorption, ukuze itanki yokugaya ibhola equlethe izinto, ibhola yokugaya ihlale ikwimeko ethile ye-cryogenic. Kwindawo ye-cryogenic yokuxuba, ukugaya okucolekileyo, uphuhliso lwemveliso entsha kunye nokuveliswa kwezixhobo zobugcisa obuphezulu. Imveliso incinci ngobukhulu, isebenza ngokupheleleyo, ihambelana nomthetho, ingxolo iphantsi, isetyenziswa kakhulu kumayeza, kushishino lweekhemikhali, kukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, kushishino lokukhanya, kwizixhobo zokwakha, kwi-metallurgy, kwiiseramikhi, kwiiminerali nakwezinye iindawo.
Izakhono zokulungisa izinto eziluhlaza
Ukusika i-cryogenic kukusetyenziswa kolwelo lwe-cryogenic olufana ne-nitrogen engamanzi, i-carbon dioxide engamanzi kunye ne-cool air spray kwinkqubo yokusika yendawo yokusika, nto leyo ekhokelela kwindawo yokusika yemeko yendawo ye-cryogenic okanye ye-ultra-cryogenic, kusetyenziswa ubuqhophololo be-cryogenic ye-workpiece phantsi kweemeko ze-cryogenic, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwe-workpiece cutting, ubomi besixhobo kunye nomgangatho womphezulu we-workpiece. Ngokomahluko we-cooling medium, ukusika i-cryogenic kunokwahlulwa kube kukusika komoya opholileyo kunye nokusika kokupholisa i-nitrogen engamanzi. Indlela yokusika umoya opholileyo we-cryogenic kukufafaza -20℃ ~ -30℃ (okanye nangaphantsi) ukuhamba komoya we-cryogenic ukuya kwicandelo lokucubungula le-tool tip, kwaye kuxutywe ne-trace plant lubricant (10~20m 1 ngeyure), ukuze kudlale indima yokupholisa, ukususa iitship, ukuthambisa. Xa kuthelekiswa nokusika kwendabuko, ukusika ukupholisa kwe-cryogenic kunokuphucula ukuthotyelwa kokucubungula, kuphucule umgangatho womphezulu we-workpiece, kwaye kungabikho phantse ungcoliseko kwindalo esingqongileyo. Iziko lokucubungula leJapan Yasuda Industry Company liyayamkela indlela yokubeka i-adiabatic air duct efakwe phakathi kwe-motor shaft kunye ne-cutter shaft, kwaye ikhokelela ngqo kwi-blade isebenzisa umoya opholileyo we-cryogenic we--30℃. Olu lungiselelo luphucula kakhulu iimeko zokusika kwaye luluncedo ekusetyenzisweni kwetekhnoloji yokusika umoya obandayo. UKazuhiko Yokokawa wenze uphando malunga nokupholisa umoya opholileyo ekujikeni nasekugayeni. Kuvavanyo lokugaya, ulwelo lokusika olusisiseko samanzi, umoya oshushu oqhelekileyo (+10℃) kunye nomoya opholileyo (-30℃) zisetyenzisiwe ukuthelekisa amandla. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba ukuqina kwesixhobo kuphuculwe kakhulu xa kusetyenziswa umoya opholileyo. Kuvavanyo lokuguqula, izinga lokuguguleka kwesixhobo somoya opholileyo (-20℃) liphantsi kakhulu kunelomoya oqhelekileyo (+20℃).
Ukusika ukupholisa i-nitrogen engamanzi kunezicelo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo. Enye kukusebenzisa uxinzelelo lwebhotile ukutshiza i-nitrogen engamanzi ngqo kwindawo yokusika njengolwelo lokusika. Enye kukupholisa ngokungathanga ngqo isixhobo okanye isiqwenga somsebenzi ngokusebenzisa umjikelo wokuphuma kwe-nitrogen engamanzi phantsi kobushushu. Ngoku ukusika i-cryogenic kubalulekile ekucutshungulweni kwe-titanium alloy, intsimbi ephezulu ye-manganese, intsimbi eqinileyo kunye nezinye izinto ezinzima ukucutshungulwa. I-KPRaijurkar yamkela isixhobo se-H13A carbide kwaye yasebenzisa isixhobo sokupholisa umjikelo we-nitrogen engamanzi ukwenza iimvavanyo zokusika i-cryogenic kwi-titanium alloy. Iziphumo zovavanyo zibonise ukuba xa kuthelekiswa neendlela zokusika zendabuko, ukuguguleka kwezixhobo kwasuswa ngokucacileyo, ubushushu bokusika bancitshiswa ngama-30%, kwaye umgangatho womatshini womphezulu womsebenzi waphucuka kakhulu. UWan Guangmin wamkela indlela yokupholisa engathanga ngqo ukwenza iimvavanyo zokusika i-cryogenic kwintsimbi ephezulu ye-manganese, kwaye iziphumo ziphawulwa. Xa kwamkelwa indlela yokupholisa engathanga ngqo ukucubungula intsimbi ephezulu ye-manganese kwi-cryogenic, amandla esixhobo ayasuswa, ukuguguleka kwezixhobo kuyancitshiswa, iimpawu zokuqina komsebenzi ziyaphucuka, kwaye umgangatho womphezulu wesiqwenga somsebenzi nawo uyaphucuka. UWang Lianpeng et al. bamkele indlela yokutshiza i-nitrogen engamanzi kwi-machining yentsimbi ecinyiweyo engama-45 kwizixhobo zomatshini ze-CNC, baza baphawula ngeziphumo zovavanyo. Ukuqina kwesixhobo kunye nomgangatho womphezulu womsebenzi kunokuphuculwa ngokusebenzisa indlela yokutshiza i-nitrogen engamanzi kwi-machining yentsimbi ecinyiweyo engama-45.
Kwimeko yokucubungula i-nitrogen engamanzi, izinto ze-carbide zidibanisa amandla okugoba, ubunzima bokwaphuka kunye nokumelana nokugqwala, amandla, ubunzima buyanda ngobushushu obuphantsi kwaye ngoko ke izixhobo zokusika i-carbide eziqinisiweyo kwi-nitrogen engamanzi zinokudibanisa ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusika, njengakwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kumiselwa linani lesigaba sokubopha. Kwintsimbi ekhawulezayo, kunye ne-cryogenic, ubunzima buyanda kwaye amandla empembelelo aphantsi, kodwa ngokubanzi inokudibanisa ukusebenza okungcono kokusika. Kwizixhobo ezithile ekuphuculweni kwe-cryogenic komatshini wayo wokusika, ukukhethwa kwentsimbi ye-carbon ephantsi ye-AISl010, intsimbi ye-carbon ephezulu ye-AISl070, intsimbi ye-bearing AISIE52100, i-titanium alloy Ti-6A 1-4V, i-aluminium alloy ephosiweyo ye-A390 izixhobo ezintlanu, ukuphunyezwa kophando kunye novavanyo: Ngenxa yobuthathaka obuhle kwi-cryogenic, iziphumo zomatshini ezifunwayo zinokufunyanwa ngokusika i-cryogenic. Kwintsimbi ye-carbon ephezulu kunye nentsimbi ye-bearing, ukunyuka kobushushu kwindawo yokusika kunye nesantya sokunxiba kwesixhobo kunokuthintelwa kukupholisa i-nitrogen engamanzi. Kwi-aluminiyamu ephoswayo, ukusetyenziswa kokupholisa okune-cryogenic kunokuphucula ubulukhuni besixhobo kunye nokumelana nezixhobo kwi-silicon phase abrasive wear ability, ekucutshungulweni kwe-titanium alloy, ngaxeshanye isixhobo sokupholisa esine-cryogenic kunye ne-workpiece, ubushushu obuphantsi bokusika obuluncedo kunye nokuphelisa ubudlelwane beekhemikhali phakathi kwe-titanium kunye nezinto zesixhobo.
Ezinye iindlela zokusebenzisa i-nitrogen engamanzi
Isathelayithi yeJiuquan ithumele isikhululo sepetroli esikhethekileyo esiphakathi ukuba sivelise i-nitrogen engamanzi, ipropellant yepetroli yerokhethi, etyhalelwa kwigumbi lokutsha ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu.
Intambo yamandla eqhuba ubushushu obuphezulu. Isetyenziselwa ukukhenkceza umbhobho wolwelo xa kulungiselelwa imeko engxamisekileyo. Isetyenziswa ekuzinziseni i-cryogenic kunye nokucima izinto ezi-cryogenic. Izakhono zesixhobo sokupholisa i-nitrogen engamanzi (ukwandiswa kobushushu kunye neempawu zokuqina okubandayo kwisicelo soshishino) nazo zisetyenziswa kakhulu. Izakhono zokukhulisa i-nitrogen engamanzi. Izakhono zokukhupha i-nitrogen engamanzi zejethi yokuwisa ulwelo ngexesha langempela, uphando oluqhubekayo olunzulu. Yamkela i-nitrogen phantsi komhlaba yokucima umlilo, umlilo utshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza, kwaye uphelise umonakalo wokuqhuma kwegesi. Kutheni ukhetha i-nitrogen engamanzi: Ngenxa yokuba iphola ngokukhawuleza kunezinye iindlela, kwaye ayisebenzi ngamakhemikhali nezinye izinto, ithomalalisa kakhulu indawo kwaye ibonelela ngomoya owomileyo, inobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo (i-nitrogen engamanzi iguqulwa ngokuthe ngqo emoyeni emva kokusetyenziswa, ngaphandle kokushiya naluphi na ungcoliseko), kulula kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa.
Izixhobo ze-HL Cryogenic
Izixhobo ze-HL Cryogeniceyasekwa ngo-1992 luphawu olunxulumene neInkampani yezixhobo ze-HL Cryogenic Equipment Cryogenic Equipment Co.,LtdIzixhobo ze-HL Cryogenic zizimisele ukuyila nokuvelisa iNkqubo yeMibhobho yeCryogenic efakwe iVacuum ephezulu kunye nezixhobo zeNkxaso ezinxulumene noko ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zabathengi. I-Vacuum Insulated Pipe kunye neFlexible Hose zakhiwe kwi-vacuum ephezulu kunye nezixhobo ezifakwe i-multi-layer multi-screen ezikhethekileyo, kwaye zidlula kuthotho lweendlela zobugcisa ezingqongqo kakhulu kunye nonyango lwe-vacuum ephezulu, esetyenziselwa ukudlulisa i-oxygen engamanzi, i-nitrogen engamanzi, i-argon engamanzi, i-hydrogen engamanzi, i-helium engamanzi, i-ethylene gas LEG kunye ne-LNG yendalo efakwe i-liquefied.
Uthotho lweemveliso zePhase Separator, Vacuum Pipe, Vacuum Hose kunye neVacuum Valve kwi-HL Cryogenic Equipment Company, ezidlule kuthotho lweendlela zobugcisa ezingqongqo kakhulu, zisetyenziselwa ukudlulisa ioksijini engamanzi, initrogen engamanzi, i-argon engamanzi, ihydrogen engamanzi, i-helium engamanzi, i-LEG kunye ne-LNG, kwaye ezi mveliso zilungiselelwa izixhobo ze-cryogenic (umz. itanki yokugcina i-cryogenic, i-dewar kunye ne-coldbox njl.njl.) kumashishini okwahlula umoya, iigesi, uhambo ngeenqwelo moya, izixhobo ze-elektroniki, i-superconductor, iitships, ikhemesti, i-biobank, ukutya kunye neziselo, i-automation assembly, ubunjineli beekhemikhali, i-iron kunye nentsimbi, irabha, ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kunye nophando lwesayensi njl.njl.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Novemba-24-2021
